Gout

Gout is an inflammatory arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, leading to sudden and intense pain, swelling, and redness. It commonly affects the big toe but can also impact other joints such as the ankles, knees, and wrists. Gout attacks are often triggered by high-purine foods, excessive alcohol consumption, dehydration, or underlying metabolic conditions. Chronic gout can lead to the formation of tophi—deposits of urate crystals in tissues—and joint damage over time.

Dr. Naval Mendiratta stresses that effective management of gout involves lifestyle modifications and medication. Acute attacks are treated with NSAIDs, corticosteroids, or colchicine to reduce inflammation. Long-term management includes urate-lowering therapies such as allopurinol or febuxostat to prevent future flare-ups. Dietary changes, including reducing red meat, seafood, and alcohol intake, play a vital role in controlling uric acid levels. Regular hydration and weight management also contribute to preventing recurrences. Early diagnosis and proper adherence to treatment plans help minimize complications and improve overall joint health.